New evidence on how the brain functions when we think about mathematics could change the way mathematics is taught in K-12 and higher education classrooms. To download a copy of “SEEING AS UNDERSTANDING: The Importance of Visual Mathematics for our Brain and Learning,” visit http://www.youcubed.org/category/visual-math/. The paper is authored by Stanford University mathematics researcher Dr. Jo Boaler and brain researcher Dr. Lang Chen.
“Our brains use visual pathways when we are learning math – our brains actually “see” a representation of fingers when we solve problems, whether or not we are actually using our fingers at the time, so training people on ways to perceive and represent their own fingers results in higher math achievement,” said co-author Dr. Jo Boaler, professor of mathematics education at Stanford Graduate School of Education and the co-founder of youcubed, a Stanford University center that provides research-based resources for teaching and learning mathematics. “Schools do not know about this important brain research and many schools even ban students from using fingers in classrooms. While Kumon learning centers tell parents they should not allow fingers to be used and it is a “no, no” for math learners, new research suggests that stopping students from counting on their fingers is akin to halting their mathematical development.”
Because the research shows that everyone uses visual pathways when they work on mathematics, parents and teachers need to develop the visual areas of children’s brains. They can do this by:
· Using visuals, manipulatives and motion in mathematics teaching and parenting
· Providing opportunities for students to use drawing, visualizing or working with models in mathematics
· Teaching algebra visually through pattern study and generalization
· Asking students, at regular intervals, how they see mathematical ideas
· Asking students to represent mathematical ideas in a multitude of ways, such as through pictures, models, graphs, even doodles or cartoons
According to the authors, there is an urgent need to change the ways mathematics is offered to learners in order for them to function well in modern society as almost all new jobs require employees to make sense of “big data,” which includes seeing data patterns visually.
In addition to dispelling common beliefs about how children and adults learn math, the paper provides resources for parents and teachers to help students strengthen visual pathways in their brains and achieve at higher levels in mathematics. These resources can be found here.
